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* ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ : 3mecca     * ÀÛ¼º ÀÏÀÚ : 2005.01.12     * Á¶È¸¼ö : 2039
    Introduction to the Korean Edition of Early Warning-Çѱ¹¾îÆÇ Ãâ°£¿¡ ÁîÀ½ÇÏ¿©...
Çѱ¹¾îÆÇ Ãâ°£¿¡ ÁîÀ½ÇÏ¿©¡¦


-Dr. Ben Gilad

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³»°¡ ¿©±â ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­ Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¸Å´ÏÀúµéÀ» Á¢Çϸ鼭, ³ª´Â ±×µéÀÇ ÀÚ¼¼¿¡ ´ëÇØ °¨ÅºÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ¶ÇÇÑ ±×µéÀÌ È¸»ç¿Í ¸®´õ¿¡°Ô ³î¶ó¿ï Á¤µµÀÇ Ã漺½ÉÀ» Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ÁÁÀº Á¡À̱⵵ ÇÏ°í ³ª»Û Á¡À̱⵵ ÇÏ´Ù. ÃæÁ÷ÇÑ ¸Å´ÏÀú¸¦ º¸À¯ÇÑ ¼º°øÇÑ ±â¾÷µéÀÌ °®´Â ù ¹ø° ¹®Á¦Á¡Àº ±× ±â¾÷µéÀÌ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ³»ºÎÀûÀ¸·Î ÁýÁߵǾî ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¡®³»ºÎ¿¡¼­(¿©±â¼­) »ý°Ü³ªÁö ¾ÊÀº¡¯ ¾ÆÀ̵ð¾î¸¦ °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â ¹®È­´Â ¸ÍÁ¡À» ¸¸µé°í, À§±âÀÇ ½ÅÈ£¸¦ Æ÷ÂøÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ÀÌÁßÀÇ À§Çè¿¡ ºüÁö°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌ Ã¥ÀÌ ´Ù¼Ò°£ÀÌ¶óµµ Çѱ¹ÀÇ °æ¿µÀÚµé°ú ¸Å´ÏÀúµéÀÌ ÀÌ ÇÔÁ¤À» ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô Çϴµ¥ ±â¿©Çϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. Çѱ¹Àº ¼¼°è¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ¸¹Àº ³ª¶óÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀ» À§ÇØ ¿ÜºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÃÊÁ¡À» Å°¿ì´Â °Í – Á¶±â°æº¸ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÅëÇؼ­ – ÀÌ ¹Ù·Î Çѱ¹±â¾÷µéÀÌ ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.

Dr. Ben Gilad
2005.1¿ù
¹Ì±¹ Ç÷θ®´ÙÁÖ Boca Raton¿¡¼­.
www.bengilad.com

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Introduction to the Korean Edition of Early Warning

As I am writing this introduction to the Korean edition of my book Early Warning, the US business press is reporting on the tough times that have fallen upon Pharmaceutical companies and their outmoded business model of Mega Brands, the beating Daimler-Benz has been taking since 2001 for quality problems and a disastrous acquisition (of Chrysler), on Hollywood¡¯s habit of producing adult rated (R rated) movies that on average keep losing money while ignoring family movies that on average make nice rate of returns, and so on and so forth. Add to it the quicker than light demise of Enron, the investments in volatile China so many Western firms have been making over the past 5 years, and you get a world so full of strategic risks (and missed opportunities) that it is a wonder any executive can sleep at night.

But can strategic risks be mitigated at all? Aren¡¯t they the normal result of doing business in an uncertain world? Isn¡¯t the role of management to take on calculated risks? The answer is yes, it is management role to take risks but also to understand the risks it takes and to monitor them carefully. Taking risks because one refuses to look at the signs is not good management. And almost all strategic risks have early warning sings.

Could one have predicted the demise of Enron? Yes. A reporter for Fortune Magazine did, based on analysis of its financial statements and the significant challenges facing an old pipe line company used to stable cash flow in convereting to a risky trading giant in need of a much greater capital base. Could the Pharma industry have predicted its current slew of problems? Yes it could. Genomics (the science of tailoring drugs to individual¡¯s genetic makeup thereby substantially reducing the bad side effects) has been around for years now, but most big players are still sitting on the fence waiting for progress before they plunge into serious restructuring of their business model. Could Daimler have predicted the fleeing of Chrysler¡¯s top executives and the enormous problems of integration? You bet. Even the quality problems with Mercedes could have been predicted based on its history of adopting advanced technology before all the bugs have been removed.

On the other side of the coin, could Hyundai have predicted the phenomenal success of its Accent? Yes it could have, because the whole automotive industry was moving away from simple, cheap models and into sophisticated models in rich markets, leaving a big void when it came to first-time buyers, developing-world buyers, budget-conscious buyers, young buyers, etc., etc. The lesson is that one company¡¯s inability or lack of desire to read market¡¯s early warning signs is often another company¡¯s signal to make a move. Likewise, an industry¡¯s habitual practices are a golden opportunity for entrepreneurs to offer something better. Sometime it happens just by chance, as a company stumbles on hidden customers¡¯ demand resulting from the collective mistakes of the industry players. Other times, smart entrepreneurs like Bill Gates, cease the moment by design.

What prevent companies from reading early warning signs? Two main factors are at work, often simultaneously. First, they do not have a powerful enough early warning system. Second, their executives have significant blind spots.

The first problem is relatively easy to fix compared with the second. Creating a powerful early warning process may take investment and some changes in internal culture, and a clear-cut commitment from executives to relentlessly use the process in their decision making, but as this book shows, it is doable and in a surprising short time. However, it takes a certain breed of executives to be able to fight blind spots. Humble, business-minded leaders with integrity and courage can admit there are risks and opportunities they have been ignoring. Executives who put their egos first and their companies second have no chance of seeing beyond their own blinders. They will wake up only when their companies¡¯ profits evaporate or institutional investors demand their resignation, or both.

Do blind spots and early warning systems apply to all cultures? Yes, but with differences. In the Western culture, the fear of Wall Street and the government drives a lot of current early warning efforts. The recent passage of Sarbanes-Oxley act, by the US government, requires that companies divulge to investors material risks that can affect their bottom line. That is pushing companies into examining the way they manage strategic risks and the effectiveness of their early warning efforts. In other countries, where financial transparency or public pressure do not hold such sway, blind spots and failure to manage strategic risks can pose a much harder problem. Where does South Korea fall on that scale?

I regard South Korea with a special fondness. In my first book, The Business Intelligence System (AMACOM, 1988, out of print) I quoted a little known academic dissertation out of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on a South Korean trading company¡¯s use of business intelligence. While few Western companies were even aware of the term Business Intelligence at that time, an ex-military officer in South Korea was establishing a military model of business intelligence in several Korean enterprises. The model called for systematic collection of information on a global basis, processing at the central office, and distribution to management.

The simple military intelligence model suited the emerging Korean economy perfectly. The massive yet efficient information flows were undoubtedly among the reasons for the rise of Korean chaebols in world markets. But the world has changed. Information processing has become the norm, with sophisticated software infrastructure, and the early lead of the Korean firms evaporated. Actually, when it comes to early warning, many Korean companies have fallen behind. What has been missing is early warning analysis, the heart of the early warning process, and the elevation of the process to the executive suits. Korean executives, interested in getting a better grip on strategic risks and quicker move on strategic opportunities, need to go back to the designing table, take an honest look at the early warning culture of their organization, and make a commitment to an early warning/strategic risk mentality.

In my dealing with Korean managers here in the US, I learned to appreciate their discipline. I also learned they are fiercely loyal to their companies and their leaders. That is both good and bad. The number one problem of successful companies with loyal managers is excessive internal focus. A culture rejecting ¡°not invented here¡± ideas is in double danger of developing blinders and failing to read the signs on the wall. I hope this book, in some small way, helps Korean executives and managers avoid this trap. Korea has a lot to offer to the world, and developing an external focus – via an early warning program – may be just what is needed.

Dr. Ben Gilad
Jan., 2005
Boca Raton, Florida, USA
www.bengilad.com

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